Abstract: Many kinds of mirror images, including mirror reflections, double figures, roasting heads and other visual illusion images, widely existed in the visual culture at the turn of the 20th century China. The emergence of these pictures coincided with people’s psychological feelings caused by the drastic revolution in politics, society and culture, which could be described by the concept of “uncanny” discussed by Freud, or the phrase, “old ghosts coming again,” that the intellectuals of the May-Fourth generation talked about. Meanwhile, these mirror images and other derivative images were also associated with the introduction of scientific knowledge of subjective visions and visual illusions to China.